Howak mikawaway-kalumyiti

u sulit nu Hulam: 乎哇固部落

u siwkay nu niyazu' mikawaway-kalumyiti

i Taitung a kuwan nu Kalinku ku niyazu’ nu Howak. u kasalumaluma’ nu Howak sa, 342 ku luma’. kumud nu kasabinawlan sa, 471 ku tademawan. kasabinawlan nu Ingcumin sa, 106 ku tademaw, pakalatu 23%.

u zuma sa, cay ku Ingcumin, 365 ku tademaw, pakalatu 77%.

台東縣東河鄉北源村。此部落附近為舊河道的遺跡,有許多水塘或濕地,也棲息了「白腹秧雞」這種鳥,當牠們在繁殖期的時候,早晨常聽到ngo-wa ngo-wa的叫聲,與ho-wa ho-wa的音類似,所以阿美族人以此聲音做為地名,稱為「ho'wak」; 因重音節在「wak」,光復後,取其諧音稱為「花固」。居民最早是從東河村移來,後來也有來自小馬的阿美族。

u asip nu tademaw mikawaway-kalumyiti

u kasabinacadan, Pangcah(Amis) 22%.

u niyazu’ nu Pangcah(Amis) mikawaway-kalumyiti

u Pangcah a niyazu' kuyni. tuud ku Pangcah a tademaw itiniay a niyazu', izawtu ku Sakizaya itini, caayhen pasumad ku ngangan nu Sakizaya.

u Sakizaya a tademaw mikawaway-kalumyiti

inayi' ku Sakizaya a tademaw mueneng itini, hakay izaw tu, caay henay misumad ku cidekay a ngangan nu Sakizaya.

u cidekay nu Taywan yincumin mikawaway-kalumyiti

cidekay 民族別 cidekay 民族別
Sakizaya 撒奇萊雅族 Rukay 魯凱族
Pangcha(Amis) 阿美族 Cou 鄒族
Tayan(Tayal) 泰雅族 Saysia 賽夏族
Paywan(Paiwan) 排灣族 Kabalan 噶瑪蘭族
Yuwatan(Bunun) 布農族 Tau/Yami 雅美族
Sejek(Sdeeq) 賽德克族 Saw 邵族
Taluku(Truku) 太魯閣族 Kanakanabu 卡那卡那富族
Puyuma 卑南族 Laaluwa 拉阿魯哇族

u siwkay nu Yincumin mikawaway-kalumyiti

u Yincumin sananay, u saayaway a muenengay a tademaw itini, itini uyiniyan a subal.

u sasubana'ay(學術) a kamu sa, Taywan Yincumin sa mikitinay "Timul Subal kamu cidekay(南島語族)" saan.

u niyazu' sa, u luyaluy nu tademaw, pulung muengeneng, u kabana' kami, hina u lalumaay amin i niyazu', caay kayadah ku ihekalay a tademaw.

silecaday a lalangawan, lisin, kamu, atu kabanaan. si kalilidan(Tumuk) saca babalaki mililid tu niyazu'.

i Taywan Yincumin, izaw ku 16 cidekay puluung sa 748 a niyazu', maka 55 a mang a tademaw. satabakiaya a cidekay ku Pangcah(Amis), saadidi'ay a cidekay ku Laaluwa.

u tabakiaya a niyazu' sa, ku Tapalong, u niyazu' nu Pangcah(Amis).

situlu ku kakuniza nu Yincumincu,sakacacay ku ibukelalay, sakatusa ku ibuyuay, sakatulu sa ku tangbulanay.

tademaw nu Yincumin, pulung sausi katukuh 2018 a mihcan 2 a bulad mikawaway-kalumyiti

pulung sausi Pangcah Tayan Paywan Yuwatan Rukay Puyuma Cou Saysiat Yami Saw Kabalan Taluku Sakizaya Sejek Laaluwa Kanakanabu zuma
560,248 208,931 89,823 100,437 58,254 13,301 14,084 6,639 6,597 4,598 779 1,461 31,412 925 9,962 395 330 12,320

tademaw nu Yincumin, pulung sausi katukuh 2018 a mihca 01 a bulad mikawaway-kalumyiti

pulung sausi Pangcah Tayan Paywan Yuwatan Rukay Puyuma Cou Saysiat Yami Saw Kabalan Taluku Sakizaya Sejek Laaluwa Kanakanabu zuma
559,918 208,761 89,741 100,317 58,210 13,287 14,081 6,641 6,593 4,592 778 1,460 31,375 924 9,942 393 329 12,494

malalitin tu ihekalay atu zumaay a natinengan mikawaway-kalumyiti