nipaluma-culal, colal
culal, colal
mikawaway-kalumyiti
昭和草
(俗名：神仙草、野木耳、飛機草、滿天飛)
日治時期引入台灣，在田野路邊或偏僻之處都可發現蹤跡。全株可用。
kagak kakuniza(科學分類)
mikawaway-kalumyiti
subal(域)：真核域 Eukaryota
salaedan(界)：植物界 Plantae
panan(門)：被子植物門 Magnoliophyta
upiz(綱)：雙子葉植物綱 Magnoliopsida
mata(目)：菊目 Asterales
sapamat(科)：菊科 Asteraceae
mikitinay(屬)：昭和草屬 Crassocephalum
hicahicaay(種)：昭和草 C. crepidioides
u siwkay nu nipaluma
mikawaway-kalumyiti| kakuniza | 植物分類 | ()tabakiay a kilang ()adidi'ay a kilang (v)lutuk ()lutuk-balu ()masay ()zuma
()mahetik ku papah ()dauc landaway (v)zuma ()yadah a mihca ku uzip ()cacay a mihca ku uzip ()1-2 a mihca ku uzip (v)zuma |
| takalaw nu bayu' | 生長海拔高度 | 1000-2500m |
| mauzip subal | 生長區域 | buyubuyuan |
| nipaluma sasahicaan | 栽種功能 | yumah野生(v) mukan食用() sapayu'藥用(v) paazih觀賞() lidung遮蔭() zuma其他() |
| takalaw maka | 株高 | 40-100cm |
| papah tanaya' | 葉長 | 5-8cm |
| papah ahebal | 葉寬 | 3-10cm |
| papah mapela' | 葉瓣 | |
| balu ahebal | 花徑 | |
| balu kulit | 花色 | sibalu i sadinsing atu balangbang puu' |
| heci | 果實 | |
| paenu | 種子 |
u sanek nu nipaluma
mikawaway-kalumyiti| 1 | sanek | 味 | v | 7 | dawmi | 軟 | |
| 2 | letek | 毒 | 8 | siceka' | 刺 | ||
| 3 | cedam | 甘,甜 | 9 | dieku | 溫 | ||
| 4 | aledah | 辣,辛 | 10 | cuedet | 寒,涼 | ||
| 5 | atekak | 苦 | 11 | acak | 乾 | ||
| 6 | cupelak | 澀 | 12 | zuma | 其他 | v |
malaheci tu imelang
mikawaway-kalumyiti| 1 | pangangay | (生)津 | 27 | kaliwates | (消)小疔 | ||
| 2 | akacay-akuti | (減)燥熱 | 28 | malebawa | (消)跌打腫傷 | v | |
| 3 | cuedet | (減)寒冷 | 29 | akuti' | (消)燙傷 | ||
| 4 | patezep tu izang | (消)出血 | 30 | tunatun | (消)瘀血 | ||
| 5 | paisi' | (利)排尿 | v | 31 | tibeni | (消)泡疹、痱子 | |
| 6 | taluktuk | (減)發炎 | 32 | kebing | (消)麻疹 | ||
| 7 | sulalis | (退)發燒 | 33 | sizaz | (消)濕疹 | ||
| 8 | cebu' taluktuk | (消)尿道膀胱炎 | 34 | butus | (消)水腫 | ||
| 9 | mapudasay | (減)皮膚病 | 35 | kalad nu bau | (減)蛇咬 | ||
| 10 | atay taluktuk | (減)肝炎 | 36 | bulad adada' | (消)經痛 | ||
| 11 | adada' | (減)痛 | 37 | cadi'ci | (減)心痛 | ||
| 12 | sicedam isi | (減)糖尿病 | 38 | pasicucu | (增)乳汁 | ||
| 13 | ngidngid | (消)嘴破嘴角發炎 | 39 | bali-malalemed | (減)風濕 | ||
| 14 | teluhu | (消)濃痰 | 40 | calenged | (止)皮膚癢 | ||
| 15 | takulaw adada' | (減)喉嚨痛 | 41 | sinawal | (減)暈眩 | ||
| 16 | tuzu malebawa | (減)關節炎,風濕痛 | 42 | manah | (消)痔瘡 | ||
| 17 | mabanic | (消)腹瀉 | 43 | pucu' | (消)淋巴痛 | ||
| 18 | muta' | (調)嘔吐 | 44 | buyu' | (解)中暑 | ||
| 19 | masikata' | (調)便秘 | 45 | suaw | (止)渴 | ||
| 20 | adada' tangah | (減)頭痛 | 46 | muni' ku banges | (消)皮膚潰爛 | ||
| 21 | malihen | (怯)咳嗽 | 47 | takalaw ku izang | (減)高血壓 | v | |
| 22 | makamaw | (減)感冒 | 48 | ||||
| 23 | milisawada' | (調)腸胃病，胃痛 | v | 49 | |||
| 24 | walak | (解)中毒 | 50 | ||||
| 25 | maduka' | (消)破皮傷 | 51 | ||||
| 26 | puces | (消)膿包、大疔 | 52 | zuma | 其他 |
pasubana i cacudadan a lacul
mikawaway-kalumyiti| u cudad a ngangan | Crassocephalum creidioides (Benth.) S. Moore |
| u sapamat a ngangan | Compositae (菊科) |
| u Amilika a ngangan | Nodding burnweed |
u zuma a cidekay a kamu, saungay misapayu' a cidekay
mikawaway-kalumyiti| cidekay | ngangan | miungay |
| Sakizaya | culal, colal | v |
| Pangcha | ||
| Tayan | ||
| Paywan | ||
| Yuwatan | sanglav taulu | v |
| Sejek | ||
| Taluku | ||
| Puyuma | zemlralengan | v |
| Rukay | ||
| Cou | ||
| Kabalan | ||
| Tau/Yami | sikoki | v |
| Saw | ||
| Kanakanabu | ||
| Laaluwa | ||
| Saysia |
u sulit nu zuma a kamu-Hulam atu Amilika
mikawaway-kalumyiti昭和草（學名：Crassocephalum crepidioides，俗稱：ebolo、thickhead、redflower ragleaf、fireweed），又稱革命菜、昭和草、飛機草，為菊科昭和草屬的植物。分布在非洲、泰國、東南亞以及中國大陸的雲南、福建、湖北、四川、江西、貴州、西藏、廣東、廣西、湖南，及台灣等地，生長於海拔300米至1,800米的地區，常生長在水邊、山坡路旁和灌叢中。
Crassocephalum crepidioides, also called ebolo, thickhead, redflower ragleaf, or fireweed, is an erect annual slightly succulent herb growing up to 180 cm tall. Its use is widespread in many tropical and subtropical regions, but is especially prominent in tropical Africa. Its fleshy, mucilaginous leaves and stems are eaten as a vegetable, and many parts of the plant have medical uses. However, the safety of internal use needs further research due to the presence of plant toxins.
namakayniay a nasulitan nasakamuan atu natinengan
mikawaway-kalumyiti<Hulam talakaway a nipaluma nalunasulitan a sulu pulungamin a sulu>Hulam kagak a yuan adidiay a mauzipay migankiway a suo《中國高等植物資料庫全庫》. 中國科學院微生物研究所. [2009-02-24].
Yuancumincu weiyuanhuy- sapayu' a nipaluma nu Yuancumin 行政院原住民族委員會-原住民族藥用植物2009-p155
昭和草 Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore, 1912. 臺灣物種名錄. 臺灣: 中央研究院生物多樣性研究中心. [2013-1-24] （繁體中文）.
昆明植物研究所. 野茼蒿. 《中國高等植物資料庫全庫》. 中國科學院微生物研究所. [2009-02-25].
《台灣蔬果實用百科第二輯》，薛聰賢 著，薛聰賢出版社，2001年
http://plant.tesri.gov.tw/plant100/WebPlantDetail.aspx?tno=539034010 昭和草
邱年永等著 原色臺灣藥用植物圖鑑(4) 207昭和草 p232 台北南天書局
鄭武燦 台灣植物圖鑑 下冊2447飛機草(裂葉昭和草) p1224 國立編譯館
中國植物誌 第 77(1) 卷 304 頁 PDF 野茼蒿
臺灣藥用植物資源名錄 行政院衛生署中醫藥委員會 編 昭和草 92年10月455頁